Chhajju Ram Vs. Neki Ram & Others Subject matter of the case - What is the meaning of "Any other sufficient cause" and principle "of Ejusdem Generis" under Order 47 Rule 1 C.P.C. ? Facts of the case - 1. On 22nd October, 1912 one Mr. Chhajju Ram purchased certain lands of villages Kasgar and Jammi Kera from Mrs. Forbes for Rs. 42,000/- Mr. Chhajju Ram also took the possession of the above properties after the execution of the sale deed in his favour. 2. Neki Ram and others filed a suit against Chhajju Ram alleging that the execution of the above sale deed in favour of the defendant is collusive hence the same be declared null and void and the plaintiffs be given the possession of the said land on payment of Rs. 15,000/- on the basis of their preemptions. It was argued by the plaintiffs that :- i. The plaintiffs are Gaur Brahmins by caste and are the occupancy tenants of village Kasgar and were the members of Agriculture Tribes within the meaning
Article 13 of the Indian constitution|| Doctrine of Severability|| Doctrine of Eclipse When we were making our constitution, we already had a lot of nations as example, which adopted democratic and humanitarian concept. So our founding fathers endeavoured to formulate something which reflects multiple things like rights of minority, principle of UDHR, our struggle for independence and what not. Therefore, while making the constitution,part III was discussed for 38 days. Part III exists with the objective of ; freedoms should be protected against state’s arbitrary invasion. So this means that state’s actions should be judged on the basis of their impact; freedoms of the people. This entire concept is your Article 13. Basically Article 13 deals with 4 principles relating to Fundamental Rights. First thing that you should have a clarity about what is Fundamental Rights, since when the fundament right have existed. Fundamental Rights have existed since the time our present con